partnerships-architect
alirezarezvani/claude-skills
透過將合作夥伴劃分為不同層級、制定為期 90 天的聯合市場進入(GTM)計畫、建模營收分成模式,以及針對表現不佳的合作夥伴制定終止合作標準,來評估潛在的合作夥伴關係。
...展開全部partnerships-architect
目的
協助合作夥伴關係主管、業務開發主管及創辦人兼執行長,在 潛在合作夥伴現身時,回答以下四個問題:
- 這是一位真正的合作夥伴,還是僅僅為了爭取優惠條件、卻沒有獨立需求的人?
- 我們應以何種層級與其簽約?(推薦夥伴/經銷商/OEM/系統整合與諮詢/戰略聯盟)
- 什麼樣的 90 天聯合市場推廣計畫能證明這項合作關係行得通?
- 什麼樣的營收分成在經濟上合理——以及在什麼情況下,合作關係的效益會超越直接銷售?
此技能會輸出合作層級評估結果、市場推廣計畫以及附帶明確終止標準的營收分成區間。它 不會直接簽署合約。人類使用者在執行此技能後,將自行做出決策。
何時使用
- 潛在合作夥伴主動聯繫,並詢問經銷商/OEM/「戰略」合作條款
- 您正在設計新的合作夥伴計畫分級結構
- 您正在審視表現不佳的現有合作夥伴關係,並需決定:重新分級、重整市場推廣策略,或終止合作
- 某家知名企業希望建立「戰略聯盟」——而您需要驗證其真實性,而非供應商鎖定策略的作秀
- 某家顧問公司或系統整合商(SI)希望針對您的產品獲得服務收益分成
- 某平台供應商提出 OEM/白標合作方案,您需要進行財務模型分析
- 您懷疑所謂的「合作夥伴引薦」交易,實際上是您的銷售管道被挪用以榨取利潤
請勿用於:
- 技術演示與概念驗證(POC)→
業務成長/銷售工程師 - 現有通路之服務成本與投資報酬率(ROI)計算 → 同級
通路經濟學 - 全公司營收策略 →
高階管理顧問/營收長顧問 - 收購公司而非建立合作夥伴關係 →
高階管理層顧問/併購(MA)操作手冊 - 已簽署合作合約內的單筆交易折扣核准 →
交易處理部門
工作流程
步驟 1 — 案件接收 (≈ 20 分鐘)
填寫assets/partnership_intake_template.md。記錄以下內容: 合作夥伴名稱、合作夥伴類型、獨立需求證明
(其開發的指定客戶名單、與終端客戶的關係、
其銷售團隊規模)、戰略價值(地域/產品/品牌/通路經濟效益)、
其提出的承諾(聯合行銷支出、專職人力、認證、
銷售目標)。
若無法如實填寫接案模板,則該潛在合作夥伴尚未 展現出足夠的實質內容以供評估。停止。與其重新聯繫。
步驟 2 — 分級分類
執行腳本/ partner_tier_classifier.py --input intake.json --profile saas --output markdown。
輸出結果將合作夥伴分為 5 個層級中的 1 個 — 推薦夥伴 / 經銷商 / OEM / 系統整合與諮詢 /
策略夥伴 — 並設有確定性的最低門檻。要達到「策略夥伴」層級,需滿足指定客戶數 ≥ 5 且
有多年期承諾,並具備專責資源。該程式會輸出評定理由及淘汰標準。
步驟 3 — 聯合 GTM 計畫
執行腳本scripts/joint_gtm_planner.py --input gtm.json --profile saas --output markdown。
輸出:包含上市前里程碑(培訓、認證、材料)、
上市行動方案(目標客戶、銷售策略、行銷開發基金(MDF)分配)、季度中期檢查點,以及
90 天成功標準的 90 天計畫。 驗證條件:無法為「轉介型」層級規劃以通路為主導的 GTM 策略;無法
為非 OEM 層級規劃白標方案。
步驟 4 — 收益分成模型
執行腳本:`scripts/revshare_modeler.py --input revshare.json --output markdown.` 計算
直接交易與透過合作夥伴交易的每筆交易利潤率、基於合作夥伴
貢獻深度(引薦 > 影響 > 成交)的建議營收分成百分比區間、合作夥伴投資報酬率(ROI)的損益兩平點,以及
長期經濟效益——在預估規模下,合作夥伴的經濟效益是否優於直接銷售?
步驟 5 — 決策
將合作層級、市場進入計畫及營收分成區間提交至合作夥伴委員會審議。Skill 不會簽署 合作夥伴協議——由您負責簽署。請在合約中明文載明終止條件,確保觸發時 能自動解除合作關係。
腳本
scripts/partner_tier_classifier.py— 5 級分類器,各級設有確定性的下限scripts/joint_gtm_planner.py— 90 天聯合 GTM 計畫生成器,包含經級別驗證的執行步驟scripts/revshare_modeler.py— 營收分成區間 + 損益平衡 ROI + 長期經濟效益
所有腳本:僅使用 stdlib。--help和--sample指令適用於這三個腳本。
快速範例
# 針對內建範例合作夥伴,產生具備各層級確定性下限的 5 級合作夥伴分類結果
cd commercial/skills/partnerships-architect && python3 scripts/partner_tier_classifier.py --sample
參考資料
references/channel_partner_canon.md— Caro 論惠普(HP)間接通路、Chintagunta 論通路經濟學、Hessling 論合作夥伴計畫、Forrester 通路軟體堆疊、IDC 通路研究、Tien Tzuo 訂閱制通路模型、Geoffrey Moore 論全產品合作夥伴關係references/joint_gtm_canon.md— Aaron Ross 的《可預測的營收》(冷門來源 vs 合作夥伴)、《設計致勝》、Jay McBain 關於聯合銷售的論述、Microsoft 合作夥伴網路手冊、AWS 合作夥伴網路研究、SiriusDecisions 合作夥伴基準、Bridge Group 的 SaaS 合作夥伴數據references/partnership_anti_patterns.md— 福雷斯特(Forrester)關於「由銷售管道主導的夥伴合作」研究、湯姆·通古茲(Tom Tunguz)論渠道衝突、赫斯林(Hessling)失敗案例分析、麻省理工學院史隆管理學院(MIT Sloan)關於不均衡戰略收益分成、惠普(HP)渠道事後檢討、IBM 渠道衝突案例、Salesforce AppExchange 研究
假設
- 無法提供獨立需求證據(指定客戶、終端客戶 關係、自有銷售團隊)的夥伴,其實是在尋求優惠條款,而非真正的夥伴。
- 產業檔案(
--profile)用於調整預設值 — 不會覆寫您的資料。 - 營收分成百分比區間僅為建議;合約談判、MDF 政策及 獨家合作條款均屬本工具範疇之外的人為商業決策。
- 「合作夥伴引薦」要求該合作夥伴既須引薦該交易,且須掌握 主要客戶關係。「合作夥伴影響」則按較低比例區間支付佣金。佣金歸屬 比簡報中的聲明更為重要。
- 此技能用於夥伴關係設計,而非已簽約夥伴交易的後續管理——一旦
簽約,每筆交易的商業審查將轉交至
交易處理部門。 - 必須訂立終止標準。若合作夥伴關係未訂立書面終止觸發條件,將導致 不良合作夥伴的問題隨時間推移而惡化。
反模式
- 「合作夥伴=任何提出請求者」。沒有獨立需求的合作夥伴只是折扣獵人。 請運行分級分類器——「轉介級」(REFERRAL)的存在,正是為了吸收這類對象,同時避免 讓轉售商的利潤流失。
- 在利潤率不足以支應技術支援成本的情況下,授予 OEM / 白標條款。OEM 意味著 您必須支援一個並非由您所擁有的客戶。若營收分成無法支應第二級技術支援成本, 該 OEM 交易便是虧本交易。
- 針對僅受影響的交易,卻支付「引薦層級」的營收分成。受影響 ≠ 引薦。該交易 本就會成交。應按「受影響」的費率支付。
- 對表現不佳的夥伴缺乏終止標準。缺乏「日落條款」的「戰略聯盟」, 在執行贊助人離職後將變成永久性義務。
- 直到業務代表離職前,皆對通路衝突視而不見。當您的直屬業務代表與合作夥伴 同時現身同一客戶處時,您將失去其中一方——無論是業務代表還是合作夥伴。請在事發前 而非事後,釐清互動規則。
- 將獨家轄區授予實力薄弱的合作夥伴。此舉將把本應 實際開發出這些交易的強勢合作夥伴排除在外。
- 市場開發基金(MDF)缺乏投資報酬率(ROI)的問責機制。若市場開發基金未明定具體銷售管道、 未報告投資報酬率,且未進行每季結算,那便只是補貼,而非投資。
- 合作關係終止時缺乏離職交接計畫。客戶延續性、資料交接、智慧財產權 清理以及品牌下架等事項,必須預先協商。一旦關係惡化, 這些事項將難以協商。
有別於
- 業務成長/銷售工程師——技術銷售:產品演示、概念驗證(POC)、整合範圍規劃。 此角色於合作夥伴關係決定後,且交易已進入執行階段時開始運作。
- 渠道經濟學(相關職位)——針對現有渠道的服務成本與投資報酬率(ROI)計算。 量化已簽約合作夥伴是否獲利。partnerships-architect 決定 是否簽約以及簽約層級。
- 高階管理顧問/營收長顧問— 針對 CRO 的策略性判斷(何時聘請渠道副總裁、 全公司營收結構配置決策)。partnerships-architect 針對每項合作夥伴關係進行評估。
- c-level-advisor/ma-playbook—— 當答案是「收購他們」而非「與 他們合作」時。觸發條件:該合作夥伴擁有您無法複製的獨立護城河,或該 合作關係需要透過股權來對齊激勵機制。請轉至 ma-playbook。
- 交易處理部門— 針對已簽署的合作夥伴合約,按每筆交易審批折扣。
關鍵提問庫(Matt Pocock 嚴謹審查規範)
由/cs:grill-commercial或協調人逐一引導。每道問題建議提供標準答案及
經典引用。絕不捆綁提問。先鎖定第 1 至 3 題,再開啟第 4 至 6 題。
「請列出該合作夥伴在過去 12 個月內已銷售給的 5 家終端客戶——且必須是您自己也會鎖定的目標企業。」 建議:若無法列出,則表示其缺乏獨立需求。若要簽約,僅限於「推薦級」(REFERRAL)層級, 且僅限於此。經銷商/OEM/策略合作等層級,必須證明已建立終端客戶關係。 權威來源:Joe Hessling —— 合作夥伴計畫失敗分析指出,「缺乏獨立需求」 是合作夥伴層級失效的首要根本原因。
「這位合作夥伴是在要求優惠的商業條款,還是詢問如何為您帶來客戶?」 建議:只追求折扣者會先談條件;真正的合作夥伴則會先談客戶。請仔細 聆聽首次會議的前 30 分鐘。 佳能:Forrester 通路研究 — 早期 SaaS 階段中超過 60% 的「合作夥伴諮詢」 實為追逐折扣,而非通路投資。
「請用一句話說明共同價值主張為何,以及它所服務的具體終端客戶是誰?」 建議:若沒有有別於雙方單獨產品或服務的共同價值主張, 便不存在合作夥伴關係——頂多只是共同行銷。 金科玉律:傑佛瑞·摩爾(《跨越鴻溝》)——當 任一方單獨都無法實現客戶期望的成果時,才存在「全產品合作夥伴關係」。
「在什麼樣的折扣百分比/營收分成比例下,這項合作夥伴關係才能在經濟效益上勝過直銷,且需達到什麼規模?」 建議:建模計算損益兩平的潛在交易量。若合作夥伴引進的交易必須超過 渠道總量的 30% 才能勝過直銷,而合作夥伴實際上只能達成 5%,那麼你所建立的 就是一個虧本計畫。 經典案例:普拉迪普·欽塔貢塔(芝加哥布斯商學院)論渠道經濟學——缺乏 銷量下限的渠道合作關係,理論上雖可達損益平衡,但實際運作中往往會虧損。
「終止此合作夥伴關係的明確終止標準為何?這些標準是否載明於合約中?」 建議:每季最低潛在交易量門檻、最低認證資源數量、最低 共同成交案數,以及90 天的補救期。若未經預先約定標準便終止合作,將演變成 長達兩年的法律糾紛。 佳能:IBM 通路衝突案例研究(1990 年代業務剝離後)——未明文記載的終止 標準,將不良合作夥伴轉化為永久性負擔。
「如果這家合作夥伴向貴公司的直銷客戶之一銷售,誰會勝出——貴公司的業務代表還是他們?」 建議:以書面形式制定《合作規範》,並於專案啟動前簽署。按指定 客戶、細分市場或地理區域劃分銷售區域。衝突解決應由指定人員負責,而非由委員會處理。 典範:傑伊·麥克貝恩(Canalys)——通路衝突是夥伴計畫的頭號殺手;在夥伴簽約前公布書面 《合作規範》(ROE),可預防 80% 的糾紛。
「這是一場合作夥伴關係,還是應該視為一樁收購?」 建議:若合作夥伴擁有您無法複製的獨立護城河,且 合作關係要求多年獨家權,同時還需具備類似股權的 利益一致性,那麼您所描述的實質上是一樁收購。請轉至
併購手冊。 佳能:惠普(HP)通路案例分析(Indigo、EDS 部分整合)——以「無股權收購」形式架構的夥伴關係, 所破壞的價值比純收購或純合作任一模式都更為嚴重。
採取深度優先策略。先鎖定 1-3(這是否是真正的合作夥伴?),再展開 4-7(結構
是否正確?)。待所有 7 個問題皆有答案後,依序呼叫partner_tier_classifier.py→
joint_gtm_planner.py→revshare_modeler.py。
---
name: partnerships-architect
description: Evaluates prospective partnerships by classifying partner tier, designing a 90-day joint GTM plan, modeling revshare economics, and surfacing kill criteria for under-performing partnerships.
license: MIT
---
# partnerships-architect
## Purpose
Help Head of Partnerships, Head of BD, and Founder-CEOs answer four questions when a
prospective partner shows up:
1. **Is this a real partner, or someone hunting preferential terms without independent demand?**
2. **At what tier should we sign them?** (Referral / Reseller / OEM / SI-Consulting / Strategic Alliance)
3. **What's the 90-day joint GTM plan that proves the partnership works?**
4. **What revshare makes economic sense — and at what point does the partnership beat direct sale?**
The skill emits a tier verdict + GTM plan + revshare band with explicit kill criteria. It
does **not** sign the deal. The human, after running this skill, decides.
## When to use
- A prospective partner has approached and asked for reseller / OEM / "strategic" terms
- You're designing a new partner program tier structure
- You're reviewing an existing partnership that's underperforming and need to decide: re-tier, restructure GTM, or unwind
- A Big Logo wants a "strategic alliance" — and you need to validate it's real, not vendor-lock theatre
- A consulting firm or SI wants services revshare on your product
- A platform vendor offers OEM / white-label and you need to model the math
- You suspect "partner-sourced" deals are actually your own pipeline being skimmed for margin
**Do not use for:**
- Technical demos and POCs → `business-growth/sales-engineer`
- Cost-to-serve and ROI math on existing channel → sibling `channel-economics`
- Whole-company revenue strategy → `c-level-advisor/cro-advisor`
- Acquiring a company instead of partnering → `c-level-advisor/ma-playbook`
- Per-deal discount approval inside a signed partner contract → `deal-desk`
## Workflow
### Step 1 — Intake (≈ 20 min)
Fill `assets/partnership_intake_template.md`. Capture: partner_name, partner_type, evidence
of independent demand (named accounts they've sourced, end-customer relationships,
their sales team size), strategic value (geo / product / brand / channel economics),
commitments they've offered (joint marketing spend, dedicated headcount, certification,
sales targets).
If the intake template can't be honestly filled out, the prospective partner has not
demonstrated enough substance to evaluate. Stop. Go back to them.
### Step 2 — Tier classify
Run `scripts/partner_tier_classifier.py --input intake.json --profile saas --output markdown`.
Output ranks the partner into 1 of 5 tiers — REFERRAL / RESELLER / OEM / SI-CONSULTING /
STRATEGIC — with deterministic floors. STRATEGIC requires named_accounts ≥ 5 AND
multi-year commit AND dedicated resources. Skill emits rationale + kill criteria.
### Step 3 — Joint GTM plan
Run `scripts/joint_gtm_planner.py --input gtm.json --profile saas --output markdown`.
Output: 90-day plan with pre-launch milestones (training, certification, materials),
launch motion (target accounts, sales play, MDF allocation), mid-quarter checkpoint, and
90-day success criteria. Validates: cannot plan channel-led GTM for REFERRAL tier; cannot
plan white-label for non-OEM tier.
### Step 4 — Revshare model
Run `scripts/revshare_modeler.py --input revshare.json --output markdown`. Computes
margin per deal direct vs. via partner, recommended revshare % band based on partner
contribution depth (sourced > influenced > delivered), break-even partner ROI, and
long-term economics — at projected scale, does partner economics beat direct?
### Step 5 — Decide
Take tier + GTM plan + revshare band into the partnership committee. Skill does not sign
the partner — you do. Document kill criteria in the contract so the unwind is mechanical
when triggered.
## Scripts
- `scripts/partner_tier_classifier.py` — 5-tier classifier with deterministic floors per tier
- `scripts/joint_gtm_planner.py` — 90-day joint GTM plan generator with tier-validated motion
- `scripts/revshare_modeler.py` — revshare band + break-even ROI + long-term economics
All scripts: stdlib only. `--help` and `--sample` work on all three.
## Quick example
```bash
# Emits a 5-tier partner classification with deterministic floors per tier for the built-in sample partner
cd commercial/skills/partnerships-architect && python3 scripts/partner_tier_classifier.py --sample
```
## References
- `references/channel_partner_canon.md` — Caro on HP indirect channels, Chintagunta on channel economics, Hessling on partner programs, Forrester channel software stack, IDC channel research, Tien Tzuo subscription-channel models, Geoffrey Moore whole-product partnerships
- `references/joint_gtm_canon.md` — Aaron Ross *Predictable Revenue* (cold-source vs partner), Winning by Design, Jay McBain on co-sell, Microsoft Partner Network playbook, AWS Partner Network research, SiriusDecisions partner benchmarks, Bridge Group SaaS partner data
- `references/partnership_anti_patterns.md` — Forrester partner-led-from-your-pipeline research, Tom Tunguz on channel conflict, Hessling failure analyses, MIT Sloan on disproportionate strategic revshare, HP channel post-mortems, IBM channel-conflict cases, Salesforce AppExchange research
## Assumptions
- A partner who cannot produce evidence of independent demand (named accounts, end-customer
relationships, their own sales team) is hunting preferential terms, not a partner.
- Industry profiles (`--profile`) tune defaults — they don't override your data.
- Revshare % bands are recommendations; the contract negotiation, MDF policy, and
exclusivity terms are human commercial decisions outside this skill.
- "Partner-sourced" requires the partner to have introduced the deal AND owned the
primary relationship. "Partner-influenced" pays at a lower band. Pay attribution
matters more than slide-deck claims.
- This skill is for partnership design, not signed-partner deal management — once
signed, per-deal commercial review routes to `deal-desk`.
- Kill criteria are mandatory. A partnership without a written unwind trigger compounds
the bad-partner problem over years.
## Anti-patterns
- **"Partner = anyone who asked."** A partner with no independent demand is a discount hunter.
Run the tier classifier — REFERRAL tier exists precisely to absorb these without giving
away reseller margin.
- **Granting OEM / white-label terms without margin sufficient to fund support.** OEM means
you support a customer you don't own. If the revshare doesn't fund Tier-2 support cost,
the OEM deal is a losing trade.
- **Paying sourced-tier revshare on influenced-only deals.** Influenced ≠ sourced. The deal
was going to close anyway. Pay the influenced rate.
- **No kill criteria for under-performing partner.** "Strategic alliances" without sunset
clauses become permanent obligations after the executive sponsor leaves.
- **Channel conflict ignored until reps quit.** When your direct rep and your partner both
show up at the same account, you lose either the rep or the partner. Decide the rules of
engagement before, not after.
- **Exclusive territory granted to a weak partner.** This locks out the strong partner who
would have actually sourced the deals.
- **MDF without ROI accountability.** Market Development Funds without named pipeline,
reported ROI, and a quarterly true-up are subsidy, not investment.
- **No offboarding plan when partnership ends.** Customer continuity, data hand-back, IP
cleanup, and brand take-down must be pre-negotiated. They're impossible to negotiate after
the relationship has soured.
## Distinct from
- **business-growth/sales-engineer** — technical sale: demos, POCs, integration scoping.
Operates after the partnership decision is made and a deal is in flight.
- **channel-economics** (sibling) — cost-to-serve and ROI math on an existing channel.
Quantifies whether a signed partner is profitable. partnerships-architect decides
whether to sign in the first place and at what tier.
- **c-level-advisor/cro-advisor** — strategic CRO judgment (when to hire a VP Channel,
whole-company revenue mix decisions). partnerships-architect is per-partnership.
- **c-level-advisor/ma-playbook** — when the answer is "acquire them" not "partner with
them." Trigger: the partner has independent moat you cannot replicate, or the
partnership requires equity to align incentives. Re-route to ma-playbook.
- **deal-desk** — per-deal discount approval on signed partner contracts.
## Forcing-question library (Matt Pocock grill discipline)
Walked one at a time by `/cs:grill-commercial` or the orchestrator. Recommended answer +
canon citation per question. Never bundled. Lock 1-3 before opening 4-6.
1. **"Name 5 end customers this partner has already sold to in the last 12 months — at companies you would target yourself."**
Recommended: if they cannot, they have no independent demand. Sign at REFERRAL tier only,
if at all. Reseller/OEM/Strategic floors require demonstrated end-customer relationships.
Canon: Joe Hessling — partner-program failure analyses identify "no independent demand"
as the #1 root cause of dead partner tiers.
2. **"Is this partner asking for preferential commercial terms, or asking how to bring you customers?"**
Recommended: discount hunters lead with terms; real partners lead with accounts. Listen
to the first 30 minutes of the first meeting.
Canon: Forrester channel research — 60%+ of "partner inquiries" at early-stage SaaS are
discount hunting, not channel investment.
3. **"What's the joint value proposition in one sentence, and who is the named end-customer it serves?"**
Recommended: if there is no joint value prop distinct from either party's solo offering,
there is no partnership — there is co-marketing at best.
Canon: Geoffrey Moore (*Crossing the Chasm*) — whole-product partnerships exist when
neither party alone delivers the customer outcome.
4. **"At what % discount / revshare does this partnership beat the direct-sale economics, and at what scale?"**
Recommended: model break-even pipeline volume. If partner-sourced deals must exceed
30% of channel volume to beat direct, and partner can plausibly deliver 5%, you have
built a losing program.
Canon: Pradeep Chintagunta (Chicago Booth) on channel economics — channel partnerships
without volume floor break even in theory and lose money in practice.
5. **"What are the named kill criteria for unwinding this partnership, and are they in the contract?"**
Recommended: minimum pipeline floor by quarter, minimum certified resources, minimum
joint deals closed, 90-day cure period. Unwinding without pre-agreed criteria becomes
a 2-year legal battle.
Canon: IBM channel-conflict case studies (1990s post-divestiture) — undocumented kill
criteria converted bad partners into permanent obligations.
6. **"If this partner sells to one of YOUR direct accounts, who wins — your rep or them?"**
Recommended: Rules of Engagement in writing, signed before kickoff. Territory by named
account, by segment, or by geo. Conflict resolution at named human, not committee.
Canon: Jay McBain (Canalys) — channel conflict is the #1 partner program killer; written
ROE published before partner signs prevents 80% of disputes.
7. **"Is this a partnership, or should this be an acquisition?"**
Recommended: if the partner has independent moat you cannot replicate AND the
partnership requires multi-year exclusivity AND the partnership requires equity-like
alignment, you're describing an acquisition. Re-route to `ma-playbook`.
Canon: HP channel post-mortems (Indigo, EDS partial integrations) — partnerships
structured as acquisitions-without-equity destroy more value than either pure path.
Walk depth-first. Lock 1-3 (is this a real partner?) before opening 4-7 (is the structure
right?). After all 7 are answered, invoke `partner_tier_classifier.py` →
`joint_gtm_planner.py` → `revshare_modeler.py` in sequence.
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